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Abstract
Modern world is experiencing various environmental disasters due to the overexploitation of natural resources to satisfy the zeal of maximizing profit and to keep in tune with the technological advancement. This also resulted in the growing consciousness among a good section of people for the conservation of natural resources and keeping the ecological balance. In this context it is to be mentioned that people in ancient India had a fairly good understanding of ecology and this aspect is reflected in various Indian scriptures and literatures. The Vedas put great importance to the protection of environment and maintenance of purity. Instead of exploiting nature it teaches human beings to live in harmony with nature and also to recognize the divine soul prevailing in all living and non-living elements. Vedic culture and scriptures have profoundly stated about ecosystems and the requirement for maintaining the balance.