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Abstract
Shahabad district which was an important district of Bihar. At present, Shahabad district divided under four districts Bhojpur, Rohtas, Buxar and Kaimurint the south western part of present Bihar State. This study area has a predominately rural background. At present some signs of urbanization are visible in the region. The outline of human habitats is also seen here. The organizational structure of bounded space may be divided into two ways :- Residential organizational system and agricultural organizational system. Discussion of this region is also found in the mythological Vedas and puranas. Since ancient times, The distribution of settlements in the region was shaped by both natural and cultural forms.