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Abstract
The study of human resources is essential from the point of view of economic welfare. It is particularly important and necessary to know in quantitative terms the number of people living in a country at a particular time, the rate at which they are growing and the composition and distribution of population. India, today has about 2.4 percent of the total land area of the world but it has to support about 17 percent of the world population at the beginning of this century Indian population as 236 million and accordingly to 2011 census of population of India in 1210 million, indicating an increase of 77.2 percent during the 30 year period.