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Abstract
From Indian political traditions to the modern era, the existence of the state is to provide mankind proper system for fulfilling his duty. Vishnu Gupta, commonly known as Kautilya is also an exponent of this tradition. According to his views, the main purpose of the penal system is to protect the lives and property of the people and punish anti-social elements. AcharyaKautilya stated that human beings always follow the right path from the fear of punishment. He considers that the proper justice system is the soul of the state. According to him, the state which does not provide justice for its people on the basis of dharma, evidence and custom that would be destroyed soon.